Category: Social Topics

The racial wealth gap is an important distinction as it is a compound disparity over and above breaches in income and wealth - something we refer to in social work as intersectionality.  All three idiosyncratic and divisive in their own right, yet, collaborative in creating the cohesive synergistic effect that is economic inequality.
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Intersectionality is a theoretical framework which asserts that people can and most often are disadvantaged by multiple sources of oppression (i.e. race, class, gender, religion, sexual orientation and other identity markers).

Synergistic effect suggests a change in the result as a consequence of an action or other cause which arises out of the interaction between two or more agents, entities, or factors and produces an effect (result or product) that is greater than the sum of their individual weight or forces.

​The wealth gap refers to the accumulative assets (net worth) including income, real and personal property, etc. which define the upper and lower classes.

Examples of the wealth gap (Eitzen, 2010):

• In 2006, Forbes magazine reported the total net worth of the 400 richest Americans at $1.25 trillion while 37.3 million Americans were living below the poverty line.
• In 2003, the top 1% of the population owned 38% of the nation’s wealth in stark contrast to the bottom 40% who owned only 1% making the richest 3 million Americans nearly 40 times richer than the 113 million at the bottom.  This massive expansion in economic inequality can be attributed to the $1.7 trillion in tax cuts by the Bush administration in 2001 and 2003 where the top 1% reaped 54% of the tax benefits.

The definition of the racial wealth gap is dynamic in that it is inclusive on all these related dimensions and sets forth inequities regarding social mobility denoting significant differences in the social, political, and economic functioning between ethnic groups in the form of opportunities, ownership, quality of life, and so on.
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The U.S. racial wealth gap has implications of enormous consequences as the pervasive trend endures beyond pushing people to the economic margins of society.  Social disparities continue to escalate including homelessness, hunger, family disruption, crime rates, civil unrest, deteriorating mental and physical health, drug abuse, and democracy itself.  According to D.S. Eitzen (2010), political author and Emeritus at Colorado State University, inequality erodes the social contract when the promise for a higher standard of living is limited to a few weakening the sense of community and common purpose essential to a democracy.

The Racial Wealth Gap by Design
Barriers to the adoption of more generous social welfare policies and equitable distribution of resources that would, in effect, close the racial wealth gap are two-fold: the first is political; and, secondly, America’s fundamental belief in competitive individualism.

Social policy is not an arbitrary activity but is deliberate in its intent and means to accomplish a goal.  Political conservatives in both federal and state legislatures seek to reduce various dimensions of the welfare state.  As such, social policies are crafted to accomplish that end within the context of historical events, budgetary constraints, and the like.

The goal of eliminating income safety net programs has strong implications for social spending:

• Obstruct spending for social programs by reducing the amount of funding available.  This is accomplished in two (2) ways:

1. The “trickle-down” strategy: increase tax breaks for the wealthiest 1% (generally, corporations) presumably to stimulate the economy through their reinvestments (i.e. corporate expansion and job creation).
2. Increase spending for defense.  When the government reduces its tax income while, simultaneously, raising its budget for defense – the shortfall is made up by defunding social programs.

The high value placed on competitive meritocracy has strong implications for economic inequality:

• Individualism is valued over collectivism.  Therefore, Americans typically do not want to pay taxes for the good of others, namely the underprivileged.
• Big government is fervently opposed.  In the minds of Americans, “big government” equates to government intrusion.  And, since, the fight to protect individual rights are vigorously protected, government invasion (as some would interpret) into personal lives, schools, and communities are not welcomed.
• Americans tend to resist preferential rights for disadvantaged groups (e.g. affirmative action policies based on race and gender).
• Americans tend to resist what is perceived as government handouts to those deemed underserving.
• Emphasis on competition and individualism suggests that individuals are advantaged or disadvantaged by their own hand through choices, skills, intelligence, efforts, and motivation, or lack thereof.  It’s the commonplace of victim blaming devoid of consideration for the structural forces that create and maintain poverty and inequality.  The result...the affluent are venerated…the poor, vilified.

Causes of the Racial Wealth Gap – Systemic Factors
Disparities in homeownership, a key factor in creating wealth, implicates housing discrimination dating back to the 1930s which either locked minorities out of legitimate loan eligibility and equity-building.  Furthermore, minority families are less likely to benefit from intergenerational transfers (family inheritance) due to the lack of ownership and depressed home values which persist to this day in predominately black or Hispanic neighborhoods.

While graduating from college lends to higher earnings in the future, wages for college drop-outs and those who never attend college have deeply declined over the years.  Studies show decreased college completion rates for blacks and Hispanics with only 30% of all working age adults (age 25 to 64) holding a bachelors degree or higher.

Student loan debt is another major factor in the racial wealth gap.  While whites are more likely to hold bachelor degrees, blacks are more likely to have student loan debt and at larger amounts, according to the Urban Institute.  College dropout rates and student loan debt translates into lower future earnings and net worth which disproportionately affects blacks and Hispanics contributing to the racial wealth gap.

Education was once said to be the single-most effective means of escaping poverty.  But that sentiment has become nothing more than an idiom when we look at another economic domain – employment, the purported path to self-sufficiency and financial security.  The reality is that black unemployment is two times the white unemployment rate at every level of education.  Therefore, education has failed to equalize economic outcomes as it relates to financial stability and building wealth.
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Income and Poverty statistics also show the median net worth of black households below white households with less than a high school education.  At last reporting in July 2017, the U.S. Census Bureau shows a $59,039 median household income in 2016 for all Americans (individuals and families).  More specifically, real median income for white households was $61,858 and $65,041 for whites (non-Hispanic).  The median household income was $39,490 for black households and $47,675 for Hispanic households.

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Contact Us:
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Related Posts:
Housing Resources
http://www.canmichigan.com/housing.html
Redefining Social Welfare…Again
http://www.canmichigan.com/blog/redefining-social-welfare-again

​References:
Eitzen, D.S. (2010).  Solutions to Social Problems: Lessons from Other Societies (5th Edition), Allyn/Bacon, MA

Links:
Black families have 10 times less wealth than whites and the gap is widening—here's why
https://www.cnbc.com/2018/05/18/credit-inequality-contributes-to-the-racial-wealth-gap.html?__source=Facebook%7Cmain
America’s Yawning Racial Wealth Gap, Explained in 9 Charts
https://www.vox.com/2015/2/18/8051345/black-white-hispanic-wealth-gap
Income and Poverty Report 2016 (U.S. Census Bureau)
https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/publications/2017/demo/P60-259.pdf

Category: Government Benefits and Programs

The Michigan State Disability Assistance (SDA) benefit is a state-funded cash assistance and supplemental income program administered by the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services for disabled persons, seniors (aged 65 or older), or caregivers of disabled persons.  Caregivers are typically required to be a live-in family member or paid helper and must not qualify as Home Help agents to be eligible for State Disability Assistance (SDA).

State Disability Assistance (SDA) benefits are dispensed on a semi-monthly (bi-weekly) basis but may also be paid in addition to federal disability benefits such as Retirement, Survivors, and Disability Insurance (RSDI) and Supplemental Security Income (SSI).

​As a supplemental income benefit to federal disability, payments are made four (4) times per year in March, June, September, and December.  The current benefit amount for individual cash assistance recipients is $246.00 per month.  States may reduce benefit levels based on budgetary restraints

The Social Security Amendments Act of 1972 which established the Supplemental Security Income (SSI) program in January 1974 authorized state payments as a supplement to the basic federal Supplemental Security Income (SSI) payment to needy aged, blind, and disabled persons.  That is, the benefit is payable to all SSI recipients, including children, except those living non-Medicaid certified medical facilities.

It also set forth a provision for a state payment in the form of State Disability Assistance (SDA) which replaced the federal Grants-in-Aid program to former public assistance recipients (if needed to maintain the earlier income level); and, an optional provision to newly eligible persons who were transferred to the federal SSI benefit.

In sum, SSI Recipients are eligible for the State Disability Assistance (SDA) supplement if the "needs standard" of the respective state indicates that their needs are greater than their Supplemental Security Income (SSI) payment plus other countable income.

Federal Supplemental Security Income (SSI) regulations apply to income and asset exclusions and limitations apply to the State Disability Assistance (SDA) supplemental benefit.

Table 1.
Optional state supplementation payment levels, effective January 2011 (in dollars).
(Source: Social Security Administration, Office of Income Security Programs, State Information)
The state supplementation payment is added to the federal payment.  Countable income is deducted first from the federal payment.  Any income that remains to be counted after the federal payment has been reduced to zero is then deducted from the state supplementary payment (SSA, 2011).

DEFINITIONS:
Living independently.
Includes all eligible recipients who are not included in any other state living arrangement, recipients residing in facilities where Medicaid is not paying more than 50 percent of the cost of care, and recipients residing in publicly operated emergency shelters throughout a month.

Living in the household of another.
Includes recipients with no essential person who are residing in a federal Code B living arrangement.

D: Domiciliary care.
Includes recipients residing in licensed nonmedical facilities that provide room, board, and supervision. The state certifies which recipients are residents requiring this level of care.

E: Personal care facility.
Includes recipients residing in licensed nonmedical facilities that provide general supervision, physical care, and assistance in carrying out the basic activities of daily living. The state certifies which recipients are residents requiring this level of care.

F: Home for the aged.
Includes recipients residing in nonmedical facilities for the aged. The state certifies which recipients are residents requiring this level of care. Such care situations include, but are not limited to, licensed homes for the aged.

G: Living independently with an essential person.
Includes recipients with an essential person who are not living in the household of another. Children under age 18 are excluded. Payment levels for essential person apply only to cases converted from the state rolls in 1974.

H: Living in the household of another with an essential person.
Includes recipients converted from the 1973 state rolls who reside in another's household and it is determined that they need assistance from someone considered essential to their well-being. There are no longer any recipients receiving payments for living in the household of another with an essential person.

​I: Medicaid facility.
Includes recipients residing in a federal Code D living arrangement.

State Disability Assistance (SDA) as an Interim Benefit
State Disability Assistance (SDA) is also an available benefit to eligible claimants while federal disability claims are pending for initial approval or appeal.  In most cases, approval for federal disability benefits is a long, complicated process causing applicants to experience financial hardship in addition to their medical crisis.  This state-administered general assistance (GA) benefit may provide some relief.

State Disability Assistance (SDA) is available to SSI and SSDI applicants based on similar medically-determinable and income/asset criteria.  Claimants who apply for State Disability Assistance (SDA) will be required to file a claim for federal disability benefits and may be required to reimburse the state once the claim has been approved.

Federal Disability Claims Processing Procedures (SSDI and SSI)
It is important to know some general information about program structures and claim processing procedures for all disability claims before applying for State Disability Assistance (SDA).  Claimants who apply for State Disability Assistance (SDA) should have a basic understanding of eligibility guidelines while waiting on approval or as a supplement to federal disability benefits to assess their ability to qualify for State Disability Assistance (SDA).

The first step is to know the federal definition of “disability” before making a claim for benefits.
According to the Social Security Administration, the law defines disability as “the inability to engage in any substantial gainful activity (SGA) by reason of any medically determinable physical or mental impairment(s) which can be expected to result in death or which has lasted or can be expected to last for a continuous period of not less than twelve (12) months.”

When an individual applies for disability the claim is processed by a local Social Security Administration (SSA) field office.  The field office verifies non-medical eligibility requirements including age, marital status, employment, citizenship and residency, and Social Security coverage information.  For SSI, the field office verifies income, resources, and living arrangement information.  The completed application and related forms are forwarded to the Disability Determination Service (DDS) to establish eligibility for benefits.

The Michigan Disability Determination Service (DDS) is a federally-funded state agency that determines the initial and continuing eligibility for benefits for the following programs:

• Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI)
• Supplemental Security Income (SSI)
• Medicaid Assistance (MA)
• State Disability Assistance (SDA)
• The Office of Retirement Services (ORS) disability retirement program

The Office of Retirement Services (ORS) serves all State of Michigan employees including state police, judges, and public school employees covered under state employee retirement programs.  Claims for retirement benefits are initially processed by the Michigan Disability Determination Service (DDS) where medical evidence is reviewed, and recommendations are made to the Office of Retirement Services (ORS).

The Michigan Disability Determination Service (DDS) began processing all disability claims received from county offices (e.g. local Department of Health and Human Service and Social Security offices), effective July 1, 2015.

Upon receipt of the claim, the case is assigned to a medical examiner and the process of case development begins.  That is, medical evidence is developed to make the initial determination about whether the claimant is blind or disabled under the law.

Medical evidence is developed in several ways:

1. The Michigan Disability Determination Service (DDS) obtains evidence from the claimant’s medical sources (ordering clinical records from treating health care professionals and hospitals listed on the application).
2. If clinical information is unavailable or insufficient to make a determination, a consultative examination (CE) may be arranged for the claimant to be examined by an independent medical provider.
3. Additional information is requested from the claimant’s medical sources as required by the DDS adjudicative team.

Medical evidence is developed (collected) to give rise or substantiate the disability claim.  After case development is completed, an adjudicative team consisting of medical or mental health consultants and the disability examiner in the Michigan Disability Determination Service (DDS) makes the eligibility determination.  Approved claimants are referred to a State vocational rehabilitation agency such as Michigan Rehabilitation Services (MRS) where appropriate.

The case is forwarded back to the appropriate Social Security Administration (SSA) field office.  Approved claims are processed to complete non-medical development, compute benefit amounts, and begin paying benefits.  Denied claims are retained in the field office in case of appeal.  Claimants have twelve (12) months from the date of filing to make an initial appeal.

Appeals and unfavorable determinations are handled by the Michigan Disability Determination Service (DDS).  Requests for a redetermination hearing after an appeal is denied is handled by an administrative law judge (ALJ) in the SSA Office of Hearing Operations (OHO).  Claimants may submit additional information not provided in the original filing or appeal to the administrative law judge (ALJ).  A decision will be made based on the evidence of record and new evidence presented at the hearing.

If additional information is needed by the administrative law judge (ALJ), the hearing office will coordinate evidence with the Disability Determination Service (DDS) or contact medical sources directly.  An administrative law judge (ALJ) may issue subpoenas requiring production of evidence during the discovery process or testimony at a hearing.

How long does it take to get disability In Michigan?
Claims processing guidelines established the Standard of Promptness (SOP) rule which requires up to a ninety (90) day eligibility determination for State Disability Assistance (SDA) claims and twelve (12) months for all other state disability claims.

Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI)

• Claimants must be incapacitated (unable to work) for one (1) year due to a serious mental or physical disability to be eligible for benefits.
• Claimants and their employers must have paid Social Security taxes for an adequate number of fiscal quarters prior to the onset of disability.
• Benefits are paid to insured claimants who are determined to be disabled due to illness or injury that is expected to last a minimum of twelve (12) consecutive months or that is expected to end in death.  You are an insured claimant if you worked long enough (accumulated a specified amount of work credits that equate to a minimum of seven (7) consecutive years of employment) and paid into the Social Security trust fund through employment taxes.
• Certain disabled dependents of insured claimants are also eligible for SSDI benefits.  See the Death & Burial section for more information on Social Security Death Benefits.
• Claimants must be severely disabled to meet eligibility criteria.
• Claimants are not subject to means-testing (income and asset requirements).

Supplemental Security Income (SSI)

• Claimants are subject to means-testing (income and asset requirements) as SSI benefits is a needs-based program.
• Claimants are not required to have participated in the workforce (no previous employment requirement).
• Claimants must be incapacitated (unable to work) due to a serious mental or physical disability that is expected to last a minimum of twelve (12) consecutive months or expected to end in death to be eligible for benefits.
• Benefits are payable to indigent (low-income or no income and limited resources) disabled adults and children (under age 18) with mental and/or physical impairments causing marked or severe functional limitations.  Disability in children must also be expected to last at least twelve (12) months or end in death.
• Claimants who are approved for SSI benefits automatically qualify for Medicaid and Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) benefits.  Approved SSI recipients may apply for a Bridge Card through the Michigan Combined Application Program (MICAP).  A link is provided below.

If your application for SSI or SSDI has recently been denied, the online appeal request is a starting point to request a review of the decision about your eligibility for disability benefits.
If your application is denied for:

• Medical reasons, you can complete and submit the required Appeal Request and Appeal Disability Report online.  The disability report asks you for updated information about your medical condition and any treatment, tests or doctor visits since the decision was made. A link is provided below.
• Non-medical reasons, you should contact a local Social Security Office to request the review. You also may call toll-free at: 1-800-772-1213, to request an appeal.  People who are deaf or hard of hearing can call toll-free TTY at: 1-800-325-0778.

State Disability Assistance (SDA) Medical and Vocational Requirements
The State Disability Assistance (SDA) and Medicaid (MA) programs have the same medical and vocational eligibility criteria.  It is possible to receive State Disability Assistance (SDA), however, and not be eligible for Medicaid (MA).

A claimant’s disability (mental or physical impairment) must be medically-determinable.  That is, medical evidence must establish the anatomical, physiological, or psychological abnormalities through clinical diagnosis, laboratory imaging techniques (e.g. CT Scans, MRI), and medical documentation.  Statements about mental and physical symptoms are insufficient.

Medical Criteria

• The Social Security Law has a list of impairments and a description of the evidence needed to evaluate the disability.
• Benefits are payable when the claimant’s impairments meet or equal the listed body system and medical evidence criteria.

What is considered a disability in Michigan?
Body systems indicated in the Social Security Administration's Listing of Impairments are subject to revision and promulgation and must be extended by the Commissioner or may no longer be eligible after effective dates.  A link is provided below to the official listing, effective dates, and required evidence per each impairment.

Social Security Law and Regulations Listing of Impairments
Criteria applicable to claimants age 18 or over and children under age 18 where appropriate:

• Low birth rate and failure to thrive
• Musculoskeletal system
• Special senses and speech
• Respiratory disorders
• Cardiovascular system
• Digestive system
• Genitourinary disorders
• Hematological disorders
• Skin disorders
• Endocrine disorders
• Congenital disorders that affect multiple body systems
• Neurological disorders
• Mental disorders
• Cancer (Malignant Neoplastic Diseases)
• Immune System disorders

Vocational Criteria

• The Social Security Law contains vocational criteria contained in cases in which the claimant’s impairment fails to meet or equal the medical criteria, but the mental or physical capacity to perform basic work-related activities is limited.
• The remaining or equal capacity to perform work is assessed along with age, education, and past work experience to determine eligibility for disability benefits.

Funding for State and Federal Disability Claims
Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) is 100% federally-financed through Title II funds as required by the Social Security Act of 1935.  SSDI benefits are not appropriated in state budgets.  Recipients who qualify meet the minimum work requirements and have paid into the trust fund through employer Social Security tax known as the Federal Insurance Contributions Act (FICA).

Supplemental Security Income (SSI) is a federal income supplement program for indigent aged, blind, and mentally or physically disabled to provide for their basic needs.  The flat-grant (set monthly benefit) approach is designed to meet the minimum needs of eligible recipients.  Benefits are financed through general tax revenues as required by the Title XVI section of the Social Security Act of 1935.

State Disability Assistance (SDA) is 100% state-funded per each fiscal year, through the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) Annual Appropriations, “boilerplate” language.  The current allocation is set forth in DHHS FY2015, 2014 Public Act 84, Article X.

State Disability Assistance (SDA) Eligibility Requirements
To qualify for State Disability Assistance (SDA) claimants must meet the following criteria:

• The claimant must receive other disability-related benefits (i.e. Retirement, Survivor’s, and Disability Insurance (RSDI), Supplemental Security Income (SSI), or Medicaid (based on a disability or blindness).
• The claimant must reside in a qualified special care facility such as a Home for the Aged, County Infirmary, Adult Foster Care Home or Substance Abuse Treatment Facility.
• The claimant must receive or is qualified for services through the Michigan Commission for the Blind, Michigan Rehabilitative Services (MRS), or is eligible for special education services such as the Individualized Education Program (IEP).
• The claimant is certified by a MDHHS Family Independence Specialist as unable to work due to mental or physical disability that is expected to last at least 90 days from the onset of the disability.  In order to receive a medical certification of disability from a MDHHS specialist/examiner, you must submit medical evidence of your disability from an authorized healthcare provider for review.
• The claimant has a Supplemental Security Income (SSI) or Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) case pending approval.  If not, you are required to file a disability claim with the Social Security Administration while receiving State Disability Assistance (SDA) benefits.
• Claimants must be a parent/caregiver of a minor disabled child. (Parents/caregivers of minor disabled children do not qualify as Home Help providers.
• Claimants must be terminated from the Family Independence Program (FIP) cash assistance benefits due to lifetime limits.

​State Disability Assistance (SDA) Income and Assets Test
The State Disability Assistance (SDA) benefit is a means-tested program.  That is, it is need-based in addition to the basic criteria of having a disability.  Therefore, earned and other sources of income and countable assets will be considered in determining eligibility and benefit limits.  Gross income includes monies earned in the labor market (job employment), self-employment, and other sources of income (i.e. child support, rental payments, disability payments, or unemployment insurance).  Having these forms of income does not necessarily disqualify you for State Disability Assistance (SDA) benefits but may reduce the amount of benefits you receive.

When calculating assets, claimants should also distinguish between real property and personal property.  Real property includes real estate such as your homestead (property you own and occupy), rental property, or land and anything permanently attached to it.  Personal property includes retirement accounts (i.e. IRAs), investments, or life insurance policies.

To qualify for State Disability Assistance (SDA) personal property assets must meet the $3000 asset threshold.  As a note, real property assets cannot exceed $250,000 in value for any other “cash assistance” program administered by MDHHS.  However, certain assets are omitted from the State Disability Assistance (SDA) eligibility requirement.
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Please use this information as a guide to how you may qualify for the Michigan State Disability Assistance (SDA) program but only a MDHHS Medical Examiner or Benefits Specialist can accurately determine eligibility for SDA benefits.

​Disability Determination
You are considered disabled and eligible for State Disability Assistance (SDA) if:

• You receive disability-related benefits.
• You reside in a Special Arrangement Facility.

You obtain certification from MDHHS medical consultants deeming you unable to work due to a mental or physical disability for at least ninety (90) days.

Asset Limits
The cash asset limit is $3000.  Assets are cash and any other property you own.  A homestead and a personal vehicle are not counted as assets for State Disability Assistance (SDA).

Cash Assets include:

• Cash-on-hand
• Bank and credit union accounts
• Investments
• Retirement Plans
• Trusts

Income
Most earned and unearned income is counted.  Income is considered when determining the amount of SDA you are eligible to receive.

Examples of countable income are:

• Wages
• Self-employment income
• Rental income
• Social Security benefits
• Veteran's benefits

Residency Requirements
The following residency requirements apply:

• Must be a U.S. citizen or legal alien.
• Must reside in Michigan.
• Must not be receiving cash assistance from another state.

State Disability Assistance (SDA) Application Process
You may apply for State Disability Assistance on the MI Bridges website or in person at a local Department of Human Services (DHS) office in your area.  Allow sixty (60) to process the application.  It is recommended that applicants print and complete the application form and return it to a DHS Benefit Specialist who can expedite the process.  A link is provided below to MDHHS Applications, Forms, and Publications.
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Rights and Responsibilities
The Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS) rules and regulations for income reporting including changes in income, employment, and disability status apply.  State Disability Assistance (SDA) benefits may be required in the Total Household Resources for the Michigan Homestead Property and Home Heating Tax Credits.
 
Was this post helpful?  Leave a comment.  If you’re in need of case management services or have questions, you may reach out to us by completing the confidential contact form.

Contact Us:
http://www.canmichigan.com/reach-out-to-us.html

​Related Posts:
Death and Burial – Social Security Death Benefits
http://www.canmichigan.com/death-and-burial.html
Disability Resources
http://www.canmichigan.com/disability-resources-michigan.html
 
Links:
State Disability Assistance
https://www.michigan.gov/mdhhs/0,5885,7-339-71547_5526_7766---,00.html   
Cash Assistance Application Process
https://www.michigan.gov/mdhhs/0,5885,7-339-71547_5526_7028---,00.html
Do You Qualify for Michigan State Disability Benefits?
https://www.babutlawssd.com/Articles/Do-you-qualify-for-Michigan-State-Disability-Assistance-benefits.shtml
MDHHS Applications, Forms, and Publications
https://www.michigan.gov/mdhhs/0,5885,7-339-71551_7338---,00.html
MI Bridges
https://www.mibridges.michigan.gov/access/
Michigan Combined Application Program (MICAP)
https://www.michigan.gov/mdhhs/0,5885,7-339-71547_7774-213851--,00.html
State Assistance Programs for SSI Recipients
https://www.ssa.gov/policy/docs/progdesc/ssi_st_asst/2011/mi.html​

Disability Resource Links:
Social Security Disability Evaluation – General Rules
https://www.ssa.gov/disability/professionals/bluebook/general-info.htm
Disability Evaluation Under Social Security
https://www.ssa.gov/disability/professionals/bluebook/evidentiary.htm
Code of Federal Regulations – Listing of Impairments
https://www.ssa.gov/OP_Home/cfr20/404/404-app-p01.htm
Social Security Benefits for People with Disabilities
https://www.ssa.gov/disability/
Benefits Eligibility Screening Tool
https://ssabest.benefits.gov/
Online Appeal Request and Appeal Disability Report
https://secure.ssa.gov/iApplsRe/start
Michigan Rehabilitation Services (MRS)
https://www.michigan.gov/mdhhs/0,5885,7-339-73971_25392---,00.html

Category: Government Benefits and Programs

​​Benefits are payable for eligible applicants in five (5) broad areas:

• Heat and Utilities
• Home Repairs
• Relocation Assistance
• Home Ownership Services
• Burial

Eligibility Requirements for State Emergency Relief (SER)
The State of Michigan provides this temporary assistance through a network of contracts with local community organizations including the Salvation Army and Community Action Agencies (CAA).  Applicants Do Not need to be participants or recipients of other MDHHS benefits to be approved for SER emergency assistance.

Approval for service and benefits must meet three (3) conditions:

• The emergency must threaten health and safety.
• The emergency must not have been caused by the individual or family seeking assistance.
• The emergency must be resolved by the assistance payment and must be one that is not likely to arise again.

​
Scenarios covered under the State Emergency Relief (SER) program:

• Homeless prevention
• Provide shelter for homeless persons
• Repair unsafe conditions and restore essential services (i.e. utilities)
• Provide food for individuals and families who do not qualify for the Food Assistance Program (FAP).
• Prevent utility shut-offs such as water and cooking gas or restore services after interruption to protect health and safety.
• Provide assistance payments for burial and cremation when the deceased estate and family contributions will not cover the expense.
• Emergency shelter provisions for the homeless is contracted through the Salvation Army.  For more information call 1(800)274-3583.

Client-Caused Emergencies
State Emergency Relief (SER) funds will not be issued unless the household has "good cause" for not making the payments.  "Good cause" means household income was below a specified amount, or if available monies in the household were not used to make payments during the time shelter or utility costs were unpaid and led to the emergency.  See the chart below of Household Income Limits for Energy and Non-Related Energy Assistance.

Burial Assistance
State Emergency Relief (SER) will make assistance payments toward a burial or cremation when the deceased person's estate and contributions are not sufficient.  A relative or representative with legal rights to arrange the burial must apply for assistance within ten (10) days of the burial or cremation.  The family member or representative arranging the burial should inform the funeral home that public assistance will be requested.  They may be able to assist with the application process.

Relocation Assistance
State Emergency Relief (SER) assistance may be approved to:

• Prevent eviction
• Set up residence for a homeless household
• Establish a suitable home for children
• Establish a suitable family home due to domestic violence or a natural disaster

Rent Assistance and Foreclosure Prevention
State Emergency Relief (SER) assistance payments are available to prevent the loss of a home due to foreclosure, a land contract forfeiture, the loss of a mobile home, and the non-payment of rent.  Property taxes may be paid to stop a tax sale when a foreclosure hearing has been scheduled.

Home Repairs
State Emergency Relief (SER) funds are available for home repairs to correct unsafe conditions or to restore essential services such as water, water disposal, heat, or electricity.  Eligible home repairs may include but are not limited to: replacement of a non-functioning furnace, hot water heaters, or septic systems.

Qualifying households are eligible for payment toward service repairs under the following conditions:

• To prevent or eliminate a direct threat to health and safety.
• To comply with a requirement by law or mobile home park regulation.
• To restore the home to a safe, livable condition.

A household may be approved for home repair services under the following conditions:

• A household member must be the owner or purchaser of the home, or hold a life estate or life lease. with responsibility for home repairs.
• The home must be the household's permanent residence (a homestead).
• The home must not be for sale or in jeopardy of loss due to a mortgage or property tax arrearage unless a workable payment plan exists.
• The ongoing cost of maintaining the home is affordable, not to exceed 75% of the household's net income.

Home improvements and non-essential repairs do not qualify for the SER benefit.

Maximum Benefit Allowances for Home Repairs
Energy-Related Furnace Repairs:

• Lifetime maximum of $4,000 per family group.
• Approved energy-related repairs since 1/1/1878 count towards this maximum.

Non-Energy Related Repairs

• Lifetime maximum of $1500 per family group.
• Lifetime maximum applies to all home repairs except furnace repair or replacement, including hot water heaters and septic systems for client-owned housing.
• Approved non-energy related repairs since 12/1/1991 count towards this maximum.

Utility Assistance
State Emergency Relief (SER) will make a one-time annual (once per year) payment to prevent shut-offs, or restore heat, electric, or water service.

Migrant Hospitalization
Migrant families with children may have the cost of hospitalization covered under State Emergency Relief (SER), within certain limits, for up to thirty (30) days in a one-year period.
​
Financial Eligibility
State Emergency Relief (SER) is a means-tested program.  That is, household size, income, and countable assets valued over $50 are assessed to determine eligibility for benefits.  It also means that the income-test may affect the benefit amount and that a copayment may be required towards the benefit amount paid.  Assets such as a homestead (a home you own and occupy), one (1) vehicle, personal and household goods are excluded.  Applicants requesting burial assistance are exempt from the asset-test.

Income
It should be noted that all household income for all household members expected to be received within the thirty (30) day period from the SER application is used to determine eligibility.

Follow the income limit charts below for energy and non-energy assistance.  The income limit is based on the number of people in the household.  Applicants will be charged a copayment (out-of-pocket expense) for any income above the amount listed to help pay for the emergency need.  Any required copayment must be paid within the thirty (30) day approval period.

Assets
A household with more than $50 in cash assets must pay the amount over $50 toward the emergency.  The payment must be made within the thirty (30) day approval period.

Cash assets include:

• Cash-in-hand
• Checking or savings accounts
• Stocks and bonds
• Similar resources that can easily be converted to cash

The value of non-cash assets (e.g. a boat or second vehicle) cannot exceed the following limits:

• $1750  for a single-person household
• $3000 for two or more household members
• Some SER groups may be eligible regardless of non-cash assets​

​SER Income Limits for Energy Assistance

Households with monthly incomes above the amounts listed are not eligible for energy-related assistance.

​SER Income Limits for Non-Energy Related Assistance

Income that exceeds the above limits will be assessed as a copayment towards eligible benefits.

​How to Apply for State Emergency Relief (SER)
The best way to apply for State Emergency Relief (SER) funds is to print the online application, fill it out completely, attach any supporting documents, and turn it in to a local Department of Human Services (DHS) office.  By hand-delivering the application there is an opportunity to explain your situation to a DHS benefits specialist.  Benefits are approved at the discretion of the DHS Benefits Specialist.  A link is provided below to the SER application.  You can also apply for benefits online at the MI Bridges website or request that the application be mailed to you.  You will receive a response within ten (10) days.

Applicants must complete the DHS-1514 (Application for State Emergency Relief) form.  Applicants may be required to apply for other qualifying benefits by completing the following forms to be placed on file:

• DHS-1171 Assistance Application Booklet
• DHS-4574 Asset and Declaration Form
• DHS-1010 Redetermination Form

Applications must provide proof of the immediate need for utility bill payment assistance (e.g. past due or shut-off notice, a court documented eviction notice) or verified need for deliverable fuel (e.g. fuel oil), and energy-related home repairs.

Applicants are not required to complete a new application for additional services requested within the thirty (30) day approval period of the original application.

Applicants have the right to request a hearing for any action, failure to act,, or undue delay in application processing by the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS).

​Was this post helpful?  Leave a comment and share your thoughts.  If you’re in need of case management services or assistance please Contact Us by completing the confidential contact form.  Also, consider donating to continue this important work and expand our reach to the broader community.
Contact Us:
http://www.canmichigan.com/reach-out-to-us.html

​Related Posts:
Housing
www.canmichigan.com/housing.html
Michigan Energy Assistance Grants
http://www.canmichigan.com/blog/michigan-energy-assistance-grants
Energy Security in Michigan: The Funding Factor
http://www.canmichigan.com/blog/energy-security-in-michigan-the-funding-factor
Michigan Energy Assistance Program Grantees Announced
michigan-energy-assistance-program-grantees-announced.html
Community Resources - Utility Assistance
http://www.canmichigan.com/community-resources-michigan.html
 

​Links:
Locate a DHS office in your county/district
https://www.michigan.gov/mdhhs/0,5885,7-339-73970_5461---,00.html
State of Michigan Emergency Relief: Home, Utilities, and Burial
https://www.michigan.gov/mdhhs/0,5885,7-339-71547_5531---,00.html
State Emergency Relief Income Requirements
https://www.michigan.gov/mdhhs/0,5885,7-339-71547_5531-15410--,00.html
State Emergency Relief Q&A Grid
mfia.state.mi.us/SI-Screens/nes_SG/WebHelp/SER_Answer_Grid.pdf
State Emergency Relief Home Repairs
www.michigan.gov/mdhhs/0,5885,7-339-71547_5531_62129---,00.html

Category: Public Policy

​The Victims of Crime Act of 1984 (VOCA) enacted by the U.S. Congress, therefore, established state-level Crime Victims Funds across the country as a reparations program to financially compensate individuals and families who suffer as a result of felony offenses above and beyond the judicial punishment of the criminal.

The law was expanded in Michigan by the Criminal Assessments Act of 1988 to include rights for victims of serious misdemeanors and juvenile offenses

Crimes compensated by the Crime Victims Rights Act vary by state to include:

• Homicides
• Violent Assaults
• Rape/Sexual Assaults
• Child Abuse
• Home Invasions/Burglary
• Domestic Violence

​Crime Victim Compensation programs are available in all U.S. States, administered by the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) but are funded by the restitution payments (fines and penalties) of federally-convicted criminals.

​No federal or state tax dollars are used to fund the program.

Crime Victim Services Funding and Allocations
According to the U.S. Department of Justice’s Office for Victims of Crime, in September 2013, the fund balance for crime victims services had reached $9 billion dollars in deposits from criminal fines, forfeited bail bonds, penalties, and special assessments.

Victims services and programs are also funded by gifts and private donations.  Due to large fluctuating deposits, the U.S. Congress imposed a cap on funding distributions in 2000 to ensure that the Fund remained a stable source for future services to crime victims.

​In FY2013, funding allocations was capped at $730 million.

​Funds are disseminated between states in the form of grants from the U.S. Department of Justice based on spending for crime victim services by the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) reported on annual certification forms.

​According to the Lansing State Journal (January 2018), Michigan received $5.6 million in funding for the past three (3) years for payments and support services to crime victims.

Program Administration in Michigan
The Michigan Crime Victim Services Commission (CVSC) is a state agency within the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS) which handles funding and services for victims of crimes through the Crime Victims Compensation Board.  See the Crime Victim Compensation Section for program and contact information.
​
Service Programs within the Crime Victim Services Commission (CVSC):

• Crime Victim Compensation
• Sexual Assault Forensic Exam (S.A.F.E.)
• Victim Rights
• Crime Victim Assistance (VOCA)

Crime Victim Compensation Legislation in Michigan
The Crime Victims Compensation Act - PA 223 of 1976 (M.C.L. 18.351 to 18.368) established the Crime Victims Compensation Board responsible for the reimbursement of expenses associated with personal injury resulting from acts of crime.  Program eligibility and coverage was expanded up to $25,000 in basic financial assistance in expenses accrued by individuals and/or their families when physically victimized by criminals.

To file a claim for reimbursement, you must use the Commission’s application form (a link is provided below) and you are entitled to a copy of compensation rules upon request.

Claim Filing Rules and Payment Limitations:
The following rules and limitations are not exhaustive.  Please refer to the link below to the Crime Victims Compensation Act of 1976 for a full review of the legislation.

• Claims are subject to time limits for filing but may be accepted late for “good cause.”
• Unborn children of a deceased victim are eligible for award.
• Children under a child support order for a deceased victim are eligible for award.
• Claimants are required to cooperate and provide information that will give rise to the investigation.  Claimants who refuse to cooperate with law enforcement or the commission board may be denied in whole or in part of the award.
• Claimants must not have participated (committed) in a crime, be an accomplice to the crime, caused the injury, or was doing something illegal and dangerous at the time of the injury.
• Claimants must justify the claim with documentation from law enforcement, medical providers, and employers within a reasonable time or be denied in whole or in part of the award.  A police report must be filed within 48 hours of the date of injury except for “good cause” or if the injured person is a child.
• Inmates are not eligible for award.
• Medical providers may not bill for services to sexual assault victims under the Sexual Assault Forensic Examination (S.A.F.E.) program.
• Peace officers who suffer personal injury due to an assault in the course of employment are eligible for award.
• Loss, damage, or theft to personal property are not eligible for award.
• Punitive damages for pain, suffering, physical impairment, and other nonpecuniary damages are ineligible for reimbursement.
• The claimant must have at least $200 in out-of-pocket expenses or two (2) consecutive weeks of loss of wages or financial support.  Wage loss and personal expense limitations are excluded for retired and disabled persons, and victims of sexual assault.
• Claims resulting from the operation of a motor vehicle are ineligible for reimbursement except when injuries result from a crime rather than a civil infraction.  Claimants from motor vehicle accidents are entitled to Personal Injury Protection Benefits and as such will be referred to the Department of State – Michigan Assigned Claims Plan.
• Funeral and burial expenses are limited to $2000 per victim for the date of injury on or before December 15, 2010.
• Personal family accommodations not directly related to the funeral service or disposition of the body including flowers, gravestones, food, travel, etc. are not eligible for reimbursement.
• Travel expenses for the victim’s body are included in the burial benefit.  Travel costs for family members are not considered eligible expenses.
• Awards for funeral expenses will not exceed eligible payments from public funds and other sources.
• Grief counseling are eligible expenses for family members of the victim including spouse, children, parents, siblings, grandparents, and grandchildren.
• Crime scene clean-up are eligible for reimbursement when the crime occurred at the home of the victim.
• Lost wages are an eligible benefit and a claim for lost earnings must be filed within one (1) year of the crime.
• Victims who are medically-determined as permanently disabled will be referred to the Social Security Administration for disability benefits.
• The commission may award periodic payments over and above the lump-sum benefit for financial hardship when loss of earnings or expenses impair the claimant’s or victim’s family standard of living.  Household financial resources will be considered in the assessment.
• Benefits are paid in a lump-sum award except direct payments for medical care and other service providers, and periodic payments for financial hardships.
• Documentation of household expenses, lost wages, medical treatment, and other services rendered to the victim or victim’s family must be verified from the preceding twelve (12) months for consideration of compensation.
• The board will retain claim files for four (4) years as required by law.
• Claimants must file an appeal for benefits that were denied within thirty (30) days of the written notification.

Claim Filing Limitations
Victims of crime must file a claim within one (1) year from the date of injury or one (1) year from the time of discovery that the cause of injury was criminal.

Victims do not always immediately recognize that certain acts are criminal such as in domestic violence situations and may consider the injury as natural or accidental.  In such cases, the victim may file a claim for cause at the time of discovery for a criminal act.

Claims for child abuse should be filed within one (1) year from the date of reporting to the police and before the child’s 19th birthday.

"Good Cause" Rules for Filing Late Claims
Claims may be accepted late for “good cause.”  The claimant must submit a written request to be considered for approval after the one (1) year time frame.

“Good cause” may be considered for the following reasons:

• if the victim is a child,
• if injuries are more serious than first believed,
•  if someone responsible for helping the victim failed to file the claim.

Claimants may file a claim immediately after injury and are not required to wait for an investigation, trial or prosecution to be completed.

If a claim is denied you must submit a written request for appeal within thirty (30) days.  Appeals can be requested in the form of a review of the file or a hearing before the Commission in Lansing.

Applications are available with the Crime Victim’s Service Commission, prosecuting attorney’s office, victim assistance service agencies, the state police, and other care providers.

A list of Crime Victim’s Service Agencies is available in the Community Resources section of this site and a link is provided to the application below.

General Summary of Benefits and Limitations
The Michigan Crime Victim Compensation Fund will cover funeral and burial expenses for fatally injured victims, pecuniary damages such as the loss of financial support for legally-dependent and unborn children of fatally injured victims, grief counseling for the family, hospital and medical bills if survivors are legally obligated for payment.

​The Fund does not cover the loss or damage of property, pain and suffering, relocation and living expenses, or costs to attend or participate in a trial.  The loss of earnings for the victim’s family members are also ineligible for reimbursement.

Tips for Filing a Michigan Crime Victim Compensation Application

• Fill out the application completely.  Complete all sections of the form.
• Submit copies of all bills and expenses you wish to claim.
• If additional medical care is needed ask your doctor to submit a written estimate of future expenses.
• You must submit copies of insurance statements for medical expenses if you have health insurance or Medicare.
• To claim lost wages, submit copies of recent paystubs and written disability letter from a doctor.
• To claim burial expenses, submit copies of an itemized funeral bill.
• To claim expenses for counseling, submit copies of an itemized bill and estimate for services from a therapist along with an assessment and treatment plan.
• To claim loss of support, submit last copies of check stubs or tax returns, Social Security Survivor’s Benefits, and life insurance statements of the deceased victim.

How long does it take to get crime victims compensation?
Once a claim is filed, the application is examined for completeness and the prosecuting attorney is notified.  The application is assigned a claim number and police reports are requested by a claim specialist.

The time frame to process an application depends on the completeness and accuracy of the application and how long it takes to receive police reports and other documents required to investigate.

​Incomplete applications will be returned with a request for additional information needed to process the claim.

Claimants are notified in writing of the Commission’s findings and a claim determination.

What happens if a claim is approved for crime victims compensation?
If a claim is approved, claimants will receive an itemized list of payments and payments will begin within a few days.

​Monies owed to medical providers will be paid to them directly.

Claims that are denied will be returned with a written explanation and the claimant has thirty (30) days to request an appeal.

The National Association of Crime Victim Compensation Boards (NACVCB) maintains a website database with links to all state crime victim compensation programs.  The links will provide specific information about each program’s benefits, requirements, and procedures for victim service-related claims.

In Michigan, the Department of Health and Human Services’ Crime Victim Services Commission is responsible for the allocation of funds to participating community organizations and processing all reimbursement requests.

Below you will find a link to the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS) Application and Checklist form.

Should I hire an attorney to file a crime victims compensation claim?
You may also consult an attorney to submit a claim.  By law, attorney’s fees may not exceed 15% of the claimant’s award or 25% in cases involving judicial review unless otherwise waived by the Crime Victim Compensation Board.
 

Was this post helpful?  Leave a comment and share your thoughts.  If you’re in need of case management services or assistance please Contact Us by completing the confidential contact form.  Also, consider donating to continue this important work and expand our reach to the broader community.
Contact Us:
http://www.canmichigan.com/reach-out-to-us.html
Donate:
https://www.paypal.com/donate/?token=u9ZbQw7yTRWAm9K4Yl2MKERd76oKf_lBrejXuVLAx0j5rsSTG72gmICfR9S-bVY4az_Imm&country.x=US&locale.x=US
 
Related Posts:
Death, Burial, and Crime Victim Assistance
http://www.canmichigan.com/death-and-burial.html
Community Resources - Crime Victim Service Agencies
​http://www.canmichigan.com/community-resources-michigan.html
 
Links:
National Association of Crime Victim Compensation Boards (NACVCB)
http://www.nacvcb.org/index.asp?sid=6
Crime Victim Compensation Application and Checklist
https://www.michigan.gov/documents/mdch/CVSC_Comp_App_10-11_379345_7.pdf
U.S. Department of Justice - Office for Victims of Crime
https://www.ovc.gov/about/victimsfund.html
Crime Victim Compensation Brochure
https://www.michigan.gov/documents/mdch/CVSCBrochureJune2011_358764_7.pdf
About Crime Victim Compensation in Michigan
https://www.michigan.gov/mdhhs/0,5885,7-339-71548_54783_54853_54855-14162--,00.html
DHHS Bureau of Community Services – Crime Victims Services Commission
Feds Overpaid Michigan DHHS Nearly 260,000 in Crime Victims Funds, Audit Says
https://www.lansingstatejournal.com/story/news/local/capitol/2018/01/03/feds-overpaid-michigan-dhhs-nearly-260-000-crime-victim-funds-audit-says/999375001/
Crime Victims Compensation Act of 1976 (PA 223, Michigan Compiled Law 18.353)
https://www.michigan.gov/documents/mdhhs/CVSC_Rules2018_618053_7.pdf
Establishment of the Crime Victims Compensation Board (Crime Victims Service Commission)
www.legislature.mi.gov/%28S%28h1fpfk455emlxhrei1vjrozq%29%29/documents/mcl/pdf/mcl-Act-223-of-1976.pdf
Crime Victim Rights Fund/Criminal Assessment Instruction
www.michigan.gov/treasury/0,4679,7-121-1751_2194-7642--,00.html

For Community Organizations:
VOCA Guidelines, Program Grants, Application, and Regulation Information
https://www.michigan.gov/mdhhs/0,5885,7-339-71548_54783_54853_69769---,00.htm

Category: Consumer Services

On the subject of accidental or unintentional deaths, the five leading causes are:

1. traffic accidents
2. fatal falls and stumbles
3. fires
4. drownings
5. alcohol and drug poisonings

According to the National Center for Health Statistics (2017), mortality rates for unintentional injury deaths is 45.6 per 100,000 people.  A total of 146, 571 people died accidental deaths in 2017.  A total of 33,381 people had fatal falling accidents (about 10.4% per 100,000 population); 37,357 people had fatal car accidents (11.7%); and, 47,478 people died from accidental poisonings (14.8% per 100,000 population).

Another primary source for tracking U.S. mortality rates is the National Vital Statistics System administered by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).  Statistics show that there were nearly 3 million U.S. deaths in 2015 at a rate of 844 per 100,000 people.  The data here also suggests that unexpected death rates are rising.  That could include anything from homicides, drug overdoses, suicide, infant mortality, and other unexpected life events besides natural causes.  Since death is a rather taboo subject that most people prefer to avoid, the point is to have a strategy in place for loved ones before a tragic event occurs.

Suicide ranks in the top ten (10) causes of death in Michigan along with heart disease and other chronic illnesses.  See Michigan’s Health Report: Chronic Disease and Life Expectancy.

First Steps in locating a Life Insurance policy:

1. Search for insurance-related documents by examining personal files, a bank safety deposit or other storage boxes.  Address books may also include an agent or insurance company's contact information who may be aware of an active policy.
2. Financial professionals or institutions (i.e. banks, investment firms, attorney’s, or credit unions) may have information on payments made out of an account for a life insurance policy.
3. Review any life insurance policy that you can find - it will have information on any other existing policies that may or may not be active.
4. Contact previous or current employers that will have information on any existing group insurance policies acquired through the company.
5. Check the mail for premium or dividend notices.
6. Check the deceased tax returns for interest income or interest expenses paid for a life insurance policy.
7. Check your state’s Unclaimed Property division.  Insurance companies are now required by law to report unclaimed insurance benefits when a beneficiary cannot be located.
8. Visit your state’s Department of Insurance.  Some states have online locator tools which you can use to search for a missing life insurance policy.  A link is provided to the DIFS’ Life Insurance and Annuity Search Service (LIAS).

​
You can also pay a service to search for any existing life insurance policies through an Medical Information Bureau (MIB) database.  However, there is a fee for each search and are usually unsuccessful.  The Michigan Department of Insurance and Financial Services (DIFS) charges $180 for a policy search that will take up to ten (10) days.  However, the DIFS website offers a free search tool but has up to ninety (90) days to respond.

The DIFS Free Locator tool can be used to search and locate life insurance policies or annuity contracts.  If a financial instrument is found the Department of Insurance and Financial Services (DIFS) will only respond to the listed beneficiary.
​
Was this post helpful?  Leave a comment and share your thoughts.  If you’re in need of case management services or assistance please Contact Us by completing the confidential contact form.  Also, consider donating to continue this important work and expand our reach to the broader community.
Contact Us:
http://www.canmichigan.com/reach-out-to-us.html
Donate:
https://www.paypal.com/donate/?token=u9ZbQw7yTRWAm9K4Yl2MKERd76oKf_lBrejXuVLAx0j5rsSTG72gmICfR9S-bVY4az_Imm&country.x=US&locale.x=US
 
Related Posts:
Death, Burial, and Crime Victim Compensation
http://www.canmichigan.com/death-and-burial.html
Michigan’s Health Report: Chronic Disease and Life Expectancy
http://www.canmichigan.com/blog/michigans-health-report-chronic-disease-and-life-expectancy

Links:
National Center for Health Statistics
https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/accidental-injury.htm
National Vital Statistics System
https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/deaths.htm
What is the Medical Information Bureau (MIB)?
URL: https://lifeinsurancebyjeff.com/medical-information-bureau-life-insurance-approval/
MIB Policy Locator Service
URL: https://www.mib.com/pls.html
Tony Steuer Insurance Consumer Advocate
URL: https://tonysteuer.com/
National Association of Insurance Companies Life Insurance Policy Locator Service
https://eapps.naic.org/life-policy-locator/#/welcome
Model Unclaimed Life Insurance Benefits Act Adopted By NCOIL (National Conference of Insurance Legislators)
https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=b3618bee-b5f7-4700-86c9-9a37285b3529

Category: Social Topics

The death of my brother in the past week has led to a decision to explore a little more about health and how we can learn more about living longer and healthier lives.  I’ve seen reports on the leading causes of death in Michigan, lifestyle and economic effects on health, even, life expectancy by zip code.  It has been very interesting and enlightening to peruse through the vast amounts of data available.  But, then, I had to wonder how many of us, actually, are aware and take advantage of the information available to enhance our longevity and quality of life.

According to the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services, the leading causes of disability and death in our state are chronic diseases.  Chronic diseases are health conditions that, generally, cannot be cured or get better over time.  More specifically, the top ten suspects affecting over 60% of Michigan’s adult population leading to seven out of ten deaths are:

1. Heart Disease
2. Cancer
3. Chronic Lower Respiratory Disease
4. Unintentional Injuries
5. Stroke
6. Alzheimer’s Disease
7. Diabetes Mellitus
8. Kidney Disease
9. Pneumonia/Influenza
10. Intentional Self-Harm (Suicide)

In addition, the state ranks over 95% of its adult population with high-risk behaviors that lead to disabling or chronic disease including alcohol and tobacco use, unhealthy diet, and lack of physical activity.  The MDHHS Chronic Disease Epidemiology Section was established to gather data, develop evidence-based public health programs, improve outcomes, and reduce health disparities in our state.
The key areas of focus for the Chronic Disease Epidemiology Section include:

1. Alcohol
2. Arthritis
3. Asthma
4. Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System
5. Cancer Genomics
6. Diabetes
7. Disabilities
8. Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity
9. Oral Health
10. Stroke

You can access the Michigan Chronic Disease Geographic Information System (GIS) Maps publication for studies on hospital, mortality, and hypertensive emergency rates for cardiovascular disease; chronic alcohol-attributable diseases due to proximity of alcohol outlets; maternal child health; breast and cervical cancer; and more.

​GIS Publication Link:
https://www.michigan.gov/documents/mdch/2014_Map_Book-FINAL_492868_7.pdf

In brief, chronic illnesses are long-term and do not go away on their own such as heart disease, diabetes, respiratory diseases, cancer, kidney disease, stroke, arthritis, and HIV.  Injuries are caused by accidents (i.e. car crashes, falls, sports injuries), or violence (i.e. gunshots, suicide, assaults).  Genetics, lifestyle, environment, and other factors combine to determine one’s predisposition to chronic illness and the extent to which it can or cannot manifest.  So, be aware of your risk factors including family history, high-risk behaviors, and other socioeconomic conditions which contribute to disease and death.

While heart disease ranks as the number one cause of death in Michigan, it also ranks highest in the nation as a whole.  But, heart disease is a broad term referring to a disease of the heart and blood vessels.  But, according to the McLaren Northern Michigan Hospital (2015), a condition called atherosclerosis is the number one killer of Michiganders.  That is, hardened arteries due to the buildup of fatty, fibrous plague which attaches to artery walls and restricts blood flow.

​So, how long do we live in Michigan?  Studies estimate the average life expectancy at 77.89 years in Michigan.  On average, men live 75.32 years, and, despite female healthcare disparities, women live about 80.037 years in Michigan, according to World Life Expectancy (2015).  Poor life expectancy, of course, can be attributed to access and quality of healthcare and socioeconomic conditions such as costs for treatment and medicine that affect health outcomes.  In terms of longevity, Oakland County ranks highest in health and life expectancy and white women have the lowest mortality rate in Michigan.

Related Posts:
Death, Burial, and Crime Victim Compensation
http://www.canmichigan.com/death-and-burial.html
Community Resources Section - Detroit Wayne Mental Health Authority (DMWHA)
http://www.canmichigan.com/community-resources-michigan.html

Links:
Life Expectancy at Birth by Sex, Michigan and United States (1901 – 2016)
https://www.mdch.state.mi.us/osr/deaths/lifeUSMI.asp
Poverty Solutions Data Map (University of Michigan)
https://poverty.umich.edu/about/poverty-in-michigan/
Heart Disease Leading Cause of Death in Michigan
https://www.petoskeynews.com/news/health/heart-disease-leading-cause-of-death-in-michigan/article_fddc9561-8cfd-525e-a5fa-ba2735b1fa91.html
Michigan Life Expectancy
http://www.worldlifeexpectancy.com/usa/michigan-life-expectancy
Why Life Expectancy is Shorter in Michigan
http://detroitstats.com/why-life-expectancy-is-shorter-in-michigan/
Life Span for Detroit’s Poor Among Shortest in the Nation
https://www.detroitnews.com/story/news/local/detroit-city/2016/06/02/life-span-detroits-poor-among-shortest-nation/85325864/
Life Expectancy at Birth and Age 65
https://www.michigan.gov/documents/mdch/LifeExpectancy_380403_7.pdf
Preventing Chronic Disease and Promoting Health in Michigan: How Well Are We Doing As A State?
https://www.petoskeynews.com/news/health/heart-disease-leading-cause-of-death-in-michigan/article_fddc9561-8cfd-525e-a5fa-ba2735b1fa91.html
State of Michigan Chronic Disease and Injury Control
https://www.michigan.gov/mdhhs/0,5885,7-339-71550_2955---,00.html

Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS)
Chronic Disease Epidemiology Section
Life Course Epidemiology Genomic Division
P.O. Box 30195
333 S. Grand Avenue
Lansing, MI 48909-30195
PH:      517-35-8806
Website:
https://www.michigan.gov/mdhhs/0,5885,7-339-71550_5104_5279-185986--,00.html

Category: Public Policy

The Michigan summer sports season is well under way but it is worth mentioning that there are laws governing youth sports activities and resources for the prevention, detection, and recovery from sport injuries.  Michigan is the 39th U.S. state to enact laws (Public Act 137) regulating sports concussions and athletic activity which became effective June 30, 2013 and amended in October 2017.  The law requires all coaches, volunteers, employees, and other adults involved in the youth athletic activity or sports program to complete concussion awareness training which is available online and must be renewed every three (3) years.  Re-training requirements are determined by the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS).

Concussions are a Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) which can be mild to very serious caused by a blow or jolt to the head or body that jerks the head and brain rapidly back and forth.  Concussions are typically sustained in sports, falls, motor vehicle accidents, assaults, and other incidents but cannot be detected on brain imaging technology such as Cat Scans (CT Scans) or Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).  The sudden jolt of the brain causing it to bounce around or twist can lead to chemical changes or sometimes stretching and damaging brain cells.  Still medical professionals generally consider them mild brain injuries and non-life threatening.
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The organizing entity (sports program) is required by law to provide the necessary training and educational materials on the signs, symptoms and consequences of concussions to participating youth and their parents/guardians.  Parents/guardians are required to sign a consent acknowledging the receipt of training materials and resources.  Athletes suspected of sustaining a concussion must also be immediately removed from a sporting activity and not allowed to return until the receipt of a written clearance from an appropriate health professional.  The law excludes individuals age 17 and enrolled solely in an institution of higher learning.  Follow the links below for more information on Michigan legislation and training resources.  Please feel free to share your experience with injuries as a result of your youth participating in summer sports, it may be helpful to someone else.

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Links:
Michigan Concussion Laws
https://www.michigan.gov/mdhhs/0,5885,7-339-71548_54783_63943-295306--,00.html
Michigan’s Sports Concussion Law: Compliance Checklist
https://www.michigan.gov/mdhhs/0,5885,7-339-71548_54783_63943-297176--,00.html
Youth Sports Training
https://www.cdc.gov/headsup/youthsports/training/index.html
High School Sports Training: Concussion in Sports
https://nfhslearn.com/courses?searchText=Concussion
CDC: Opportunities to Reshape the Culture Around Concussions in Sports
https://www.cdc.gov/headsup/resources/playbook.html
REAP the Benefits of Good Concussion Management (2013)
https://issuu.com/healthone/docs/reap_oct21
Recovering from Mild Traumatic Brain Injuries/Concussion
https://www.michigan.gov/mdhhs/0,5885,7-339-71550_2941_4868_42176-201416--,00.html
Additional Resources
https://www.michigan.gov/mdhhs/0,5885,7-339-71550_2941_4868_42176-201416--,00.html